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#################################################################################### Contenuto archivio ```markdown
# Archive Contents
Nell'archivio troverete i seguenti file
The archive contains the following files:
Leggimi.txt - Questo file
- `Leggimi.txt` - This file
zyxel-qemu.bat - batch esecuzione QEMU - `zyxel-qemu.bat` - QEMU execution batch file
qemu - file configurazione QEMU - `qemu` - QEMU configuration file
rootfs.ext2 - contiene il filesystem del router - `rootfs.ext2` - Contains the router's filesystem
zImage - kernel di Linux - `zImage` - Linux kernel
vexpress-v2p-ca9.dtb - serve nell'architettura ARM e Linux. - `vexpress-v2p-ca9.dtb` - Required for ARM architecture and Linux
- `genpass` - Linux script for parameter management
genpass - script Linux per la gestione dei parametri
> **Note:** The `genpass` file is not meant to be used as a file but was included only for studying the Linux script.
Nota: il file 'genpass' non serve come file ma è stato inserito solo come studio dello script Linux
Using the emulator requires QEMU to be installed.
L'uso dell'emulatore richiede obbligatoriamente l'installazione di QEMU.
---
#################################################################################### Installazione QEMU in Windows # Installing QEMU
Scaricate la versione più recente dal sito ## On Windows
https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w32/ - Applicazione per Windows a 32bit (funziona anche su Windows a 64bit) Download the latest version from:
https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w64/ - Applicazione per Windows a 64bit
- [32-bit version](https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w32/) Works on 64-bit Windows as well
Installate l'applicazione. - [64-bit version](https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w64/)
Then install the application.
- Installazione QEMU in Linux (Ubuntu/Debian)
## On Linux (Ubuntu/Debian)
sudo apt-get install qemu-system-arm
Run the following command:
#################################################################################### Uso emulatore Zyxel ```bash
sudo apt-get install qemu-system-arm
Scaricate l'archivio dell'emulatore. ```
Decomprimete l'archivio in una cartella. ---
In Windows lanciate il batch 'zyxel-qemu.bat' # Using the Zyxel Emulator
1. Download the emulator archive.
#################################################################################### Info pacchetto emulatore 2. Extract the archive into a folder.
3. On Windows, run the batch file `zyxel-qemu.bat`.
Nelle cartelle
---
/opt/zyxel
# Emulator Package Information
ci sono le librerie estratte dal firmware distribuito dalla Zyxel
- **`/opt/zyxel`** Contains libraries extracted from the firmware distributed by Zyxel.
/opt/genpass/ - **`/opt/genpass/`** Contains the `libhook.so` library, which compensates for the lack of router flash memory. It allows the serial number to be read from an environment variable instead of from flash.
c'è la libreria libhook.so che serve per sopperire alla mancanza della flash del router in modo che il seriale invece che leggerlo sulla flash lo legge da una variabile d'ambiente - **`getpassword`** A binary that calls functions inside Zyxel's libraries to calculate the password and prints it to the screen.
- **`genpass`** A script that ties everything together.
Il file
---
getpassword
# Modifying the `rootfs.ext2` File
è il binario che chiama le funzioni dentro le librerie della Zyxel per fargli calcolare la password ed una volta prese le stampa a schermo.
Mentre lo script To mount and modify the `rootfs.ext2` image file, you need a Linux system with ext2/ext3 utilities.
genpass ## Steps
è quello che mette insieme il tutto. 1. **Create a mount point:**
```bash
sudo mkdir /mnt/rootfs
#################################################################################### Modifiche al file rootfs.ext ```
Per montare il file immagine rootfs.exet2 in modifica serve un Linux e le utility relative alla gestione ext2/ext3. 2. **Mount the filesystem:**
```bash
I comandi da dare sono sudo mount -t ext2 rootfs.ext2 /mnt/rootfs
```
- Creazione cartella espansione file contenuti in rootfs.ext The `genpass` file is located at `/mnt/rootfs/opt/genpass/`.
sudo mkdir /mnt/rootfs 3. **Make your changes** (e.g., copy a new `genpass` file).
- Montaggio file system rootfs.ext 4. **Unmount the filesystem:**
```bash
sudo mount -t ext2 root.ext2 /mnt/rootfs sudo umount /mnt/rootfs
```
il file 'genpass' è nel percorso '/mnt/rootfs/opt/genpass/'
5. **Remove the mount point (optional):**
Si fanno le modifiche del caso es. copia nuovo file genpass) ```bash
sudo rm -rf /mnt/rootfs
Finite le modifiche si salva il nuovo file rootfs.ext dando il comando ```
sudo umount /mnt/rootfs ---
e si possono rimuovere i file in /mnt/rootfs # Serial Number Format
sudo rm -rf /mnt/rootfs The modem's serial number consists of:
| Part | Description | Example |
#################################################################################### Info sul numero seriale |------|------------------------------------|---------|
| 1 | Letter `S` | `S` |
Il seriale del modem è composto | 2 | Three digits | `182` |
| 3 | One uppercase letter | `V` |
da una prima lettera S | 4 | Eight digits | `12345678` |
da un seconda parte costituita da tre cifre **Full example:** `S182V12345678`
da una terza parte rappresentata da una lettera maiuscola ---
da una quarta parte numerica di 8 cifre # Using the Zyxel Emulator
Once the system has booted, you will see the classic Unix/Linux console:
#################################################################################### Uso emulatore Zyxel
```
Una volta che il sistema è avviato vi troverete davanti la classica console Unix/Linux. root@VMG8825-B50B-emul login:
```
root@VMG8825-B50B-emul login:
## Login credentials
Potete entrare inserendo
- **Username:** `root`
user = root - **Password:** `root`
password = root
> You can also use SSH access on port `2222`. QEMU (launched via the batch file) listens on port 2222 and forwards connections to port 22 of the emulated router.
Volendo potete usare anche l'accesso via SSH sulla porta 2222.
In pratica qemu-system-arm (lanciato tramite il batch) si mette in ascolto sulla porta 2222 e ridirige la connessione sulla porta 22 del router emulato. ## Generating passwords
Una volta avuto accesso senza dover cambiare cartella basta dare il comando After logging in, run the following command from any directory:
genpass SerialeModem ```bash
genpass <SerialNumber>
dove ```
SerialeModem è il seriale del modem (es. S182V12345678) Replace `<SerialNumber>` with the modem's serial number (e.g., `S182V12345678`).
### Example output
La risposta al comando genpass sarà del tipo
```
Old algorithm supervisor password: cdef644b Old algorithm supervisor password: cdef644b
New algorithm supervisor password: 7QrscaaYya New algorithm supervisor password: 7QrscaaYya
Old algorithm admin password param 1: WJNCRMTT Old algorithm admin password param 1: WJNCRMTT
Old algorithm admin password param 2: K9KydTzT Old algorithm admin password param 2: K9KydTzT
Old algorithm admin password param 3: S9KcdTeT Old algorithm admin password param 3: S9KcdTeT
New algorithm admin password param 1: WJNCRMTT New algorithm admin password param 1: WJNCRMTT
New algorithm admin password param 2: K9KydTzT New algorithm admin password param 2: K9KydTzT
New algorithm admin wind password param 2: K9KydTzT73 New algorithm admin wind password param 2: K9KydTzT73
New algorithm admin wind password param 1: WJNCRMTTQ3 New algorithm admin wind password param 1: WJNCRMTTQ3
Old algorithm admin wind password param 2: K9KydTzT73 Old algorithm admin wind password param 2: K9KydTzT73
Old algorithm admin wind password param 1: WJNCRMTTQ3 Old algorithm admin wind password param 1: WJNCRMTTQ3
Old algorithm admin wind password param 3: Old algorithm admin wind password param 3:
Wifi password param 2 e 1: MPPGPCJ444MXGU34 Wifi password param 2 e 1: MPPGPCJ444MXGU34
Wifi password param 0: C9D4CB2BADE5618AD92BEC2AC7 Wifi password param 0: C9D4CB2BADE5618AD92BEC2AC7
Wifi password param 1: CFC9887CA2 Wifi password param 1: CFC9887CA2
Wifi password param 2 e 0: SPP6WCJ444SX6U34 Wifi password param 2 e 0: SPP6WCJ444SX6U34
Wifi password param 2 e 2: 8PPXWCJ4448XXU34 Wifi password param 2 e 2: 8PPXWCJ4448XXU34
Wifi password param 2 e 3: apprwcjpppaxrunp Wifi password param 2 e 3: apprwcjpppaxrunp
Wifi password param 2 e 4: SPP6WCJ444SX6U34 Wifi password param 2 e 4: SPP6WCJ444SX6U34
Wifi password param 2 e 5: hPPNWCJ444hXNU34 Wifi password param 2 e 5: hPPNWCJ444hXNU34
```
#################################################################################### Uscita dall'emulazione ---
Una volta effettuato il login per uscire digitare # Exiting the Emulator
root@VMG8825-B50B-emul:~# exit 1. After logging in, type:
```bash
quando appare exit
```
VMG8825-B50B-emul login:
2. When the login prompt appears again:
chiudere la finestra DOS aperta ```
VMG8825-B50B-emul login:
```
close the DOS window.
```